For , Prism supports any number of rows and columns.
In the wizard, select Contingency from the left-hand menu.
Launch GraphPad Prism and select from the New Table & Graph menu. Choose your format (typically, start with a blank table). Enter your categorical groups into the rows and columns. chi square graphpad verified
A less common but still valuable application is the , where you compare the observed distribution of data across categories with a theoretical distribution you expect based on prior knowledge or a biological hypothesis. For example:
Contingency tables require rows and columns to represent the categories of your two variables. For , Prism supports any number of rows and columns
Before entering data, you must determine which type of Chi-square test suits your experimental design. GraphPad Prism handles two main variations:
Choose a style to best display relationships. The X-axis typically shows your experimental groups. Choose your format (typically, start with a blank table)
: If your sample size is small (e.g., expected counts < 5), Prism may recommend Fisher's exact test instead for higher accuracy Interpreting Results
[Select Data Layout] ──> [Input Raw Integers] ──> [Choose Options/Yates] ──> [Verify P-Value] 1. Setup the Table Structure
Always check the "Expected Values" tab in Prism’s results. If your expected values are extremely low, the Chi-square test may lose its validity, and you should switch to Fisher's Exact Test to maintain a verified statistical approach.
